arithmetics and nomenclature
NEMO Sciences articles use several adjustments similar to
present usage in mathematics, computation, and sciences--
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GLOSSARY, ACRONYMS ('anchronyms', in submariner jargon):
Mathematical nomenclature: (as it withstands improvement to clarify its utility in high-technology)
- At-sign, @ (or sometimes lowercase e), for a number "at" a place, position, so-many-tens, powers of ten,
characteristic, scale, range, radix-ten exponent; scientific notation
[rather than computer-traditional E, double-precision D]
- e.g. 5.12@3 = 5120
- e.g. 5.12@-3 = 0.00512
- Complex angle, & = ¢ + i$ "ensine equals cosine plus i (times) sine, of"
- outer product, ⋅ , · , (angle summation) [dot/middot]
- inner product, ⨪ , ∸ , ∸ , (angle difference) [dot minus/bar]
- inner division, ÷ , (angle difference) [colon minus/bar]
- outer division, : , (angle summation) [colon]
- Complexor, a complex-number-comprised-of-complex-numbers; quaternions, octonions;
the mathematicians' 1,i,j,k notation for quaternions is a real+vector order appending
to the concept of real number, 1, imaginary vectors, i,j,ij=k, extended to reach the
complex and complexor numbers; space-time physicists entitle alphabetic-order,
i,j,k,l (lowercase 1), appending 1D-time to 3D-space;
Octonions append L,I,J,K, or, I,J,K,L (capitalized 1,l)
- Derivatives named, the (much-used) space-time moments:
- The First Derivative of [scalar] distance, with respect to time is, speed, e.g. ft/sec
The First Derivative of [vector] position, with respect to time is, velocity
- The First Derivative of speed or velocity, with respect to time is, acceleration, e.g. ft/sec²
- The First Derivative of [scalar] acceleration, with respect to time is,
pump (not jerk *), e.g. ft/sec³
The First Derivative of [vector] acceleration, with respect to time is,
swing (not jerk *)
- The First Derivative of pump or swing, with respect to time is,
jerk (* not snap), e.g. ft/sec4
- The First Derivative of jerk, with respect to time is, snap,
e.g. ft/sec5 (order-higher-than 'jerk' *)
- * (There is no jerk in smoothly changing the acceleration-aka-force vector, without sharply
changing rate, focus, radius; cf circular-swing acceleration in spacetime-physics is deemed indistinguishable from
artificial-gravity; cf pumping, swinging, bouncing, springing, tipping, change acceleration smoothly continuously; cf a
hanging swing is pumped not jerked, to increase its profile derivatives, acceleration, speed, height, while swinging,
itself, is felt and adapted-to, unnoticed aside gimbaled amusements; cf pumping brakes is equalizable by pumping
back, not by 'excess' jerking except a cushion softens it, or by leaning back partaking more of the force of gravity,
but, leaning is not instantaneous, ergo cannot be jerk... Jerk is a quickened derivative of pump by
discontinuous/directional 'play'... cf 'mad' rollercoasters turn by strictly-circular arcs changing sideways acceleration
instantaneously 'jerking' by radial-focus-discontinuity... Jerk is or-results-in abrupt-change of position,
cf the Olympic Jerk is the abbreviated-pump emphasizing its derivative because slow-pumping wastes bioenergy...
Cf similar technical terms such as 'squeeze-don't-jerk-the-trigger' meaning gradually increasing
acceleration-like-pressure-force 'til its-own trigger-event... but also consider 'play and wobble' before 'jerk')
- n.b. Jolt, is generally equated to jerk, though suggestive of harder and higher order
- n.b. Jounce, is a jolt-bounce returning to its original-projected position and velocity
- n.b. Throw, may be any of the five, scalar or vector
- n.b. Heave, implies, massive, cf broadly-obviously mountain heavens, cosmic heavens
- Exponent placement-compounding symbolically increases involvement by deeper-application:
(left) afore, upon, above, over, behind (right): where the deeper are more involved
functionally-internally/argumentive-to rather than externally-usage-of:
- Exponent, of a term, placed upon, upper-fore of its root term [rather than as
formerly over], as exponentiation is conceptually the iteration-extension above
multiplication,- even as multiplication is the iteration-extension of addition
- e.g. 23 = 9 'square of 3'
- e.g. 32 = 8 'cube of 2'
- e.g. 43 = 81 'fourth power of 3'
- e.g. -13 = 1/3 'inverse or negative power of 3'
- e.g. -1sin = 1/sin
- e.g. 2f x = 2(f x) = (f x)·(f x) = (f·f) x = (2f) x
- e.g. 2log x = 2(log x)
- Exponent placement over, upper-aft its root operation, is the functional composition
repetition-iteration notation (consistent with the traditional arc-function, inverse
function, operator algebras)
- e.g. sin-1 = arcsin (already common usage)
- e.g. f2 x = (f f) x = f f x = f(f x)
- e.g. log2 x = log log x = llog x
- e.g. f-1(f x) = f-1 f x = (f-1 f) x =
(1f) x = x (in the domain of f; where f is 1-1)
- n.b. x2 = (x x) = x x = x(x) = x·x = 2x :
Strictly nonfunction numeric variables and constants are the same either way
- Functions may have multiple, parameter-arguments, if so defined,--
- e.g. f x y = f(x,y), is a two-argument function; generally ≠ (f x) y , unless—
- n.b. (f x) y = fx y , is a progressive-parameterization-application function, taking y as a subsequent
separable, argument
- Gut arithmetic [aka matrix arithmetic but little new comes of vector sums of products: whence a gut process]
- Identity Operator, 1i=j = 1 for i=j else = 0 for i≠j (assumed multiplicative null, empty, undefined); [cf δij]
- cf Logic Operator, (i=j) = true for i=j else = false for i≠j
- e.g. Identity Matrix, [1i=j] =
[01⋱10]
- Infinitesmal, ∂ "par, partial", a standalone numeric value-holder
- Derivative, δ "slope-of-, del-, deal-of-";
δxy = (∂/∂x) y "... over x, or with respect to x, of y"
n.b. ∂i = ∂ξi , generalizes dimensionality, e.g.
∇ = i(δi) + j(δj) + ...
[rather than prior assumed scalar:vector, x:i, y:j,...]
- Integration interval, ∫[x,y] closed, ∫(x,y) open; or,
∫[x+,y-] open, ∫x<ξ<y∂ξ open, etc.
- Logarithm, £ x = ln x = loge x 'natural log; ponent'
cf The entropy of p , 0 < p < 1, is -p £ p (in natural base; binary base is more usual)
- Left-Multiplication is a property of addition, not an operation (no more so than
parentheses or exponentiation). Addition may be any additive process: Multiplication
is the iterative extension property thereof;- which is to say, a process is
multiplicative only if it includes natural-number multiplication, e.g. matrix A*B ,
is multiplication only if, n*B already is and = ni=j*B =
[0n⋱n0]*B
Multiplication always includes specifically intrinsic Left Multiplication,
which has special necessary properties and is specifically denoted;
Other-multiplicative process is distinguished as a, "product",
if it does not include the intrinsic: To say, * , is the multiplicative operator on
a ring, means, * , includes n*x : {n} = N+ in the ring set;-
And whence, y*x , imputes, y , may be any natural number:
and therefor the ring set includes the set of all natural numbers
(The ring set need not entirely separate them: cf modulo)....
Thus, another-multiplicative process, X, existing on a ring,
If , X , does not include intrinsic multiplication, makes for two actual operations,
and three operation symbols, +,*,X , on that ring.
- Natural distribution, e-π x²/s²/s , semidiameter s ,
var. s²/2π , identified by its 'knee/ankle' angular joints and inflections
- Arithmetic precedence: 'over' is positional formatting, 'divide' is arithmetic operation
- x/y+z "x over y plus z" is global = x/(y+z) ; cf x÷y+z "x divided by y plus z" is local
- a/bc "a over b c" adjacency precedence = a/(bc) = a/b(c) =
- a/b(c) functionlike precedence = a/(b(c)) e.g. a/2c = a/(2c) = a/2(c) = a/(2(c))
- Set notation specification, e.g. {i}, is simpler, or, more inclusive:
- e.g. {i≤5} or {i:≤5} is the "set of i [that are] less than or equal 5"
- e.g. {i: i; i(+,-); i≤5} is the "set of i where i exists,
i is closed on addition and subtraction, i is less than or equal 5"
- Note that i(+,-) is like the computer-logic denotation-as-needed of numeric
value or logical "is-defined" value
- Teams of Operators [formerly groups of elements, but compounded elements are
non-elemental; cf nuclear fusion is not addition creating new elements;
cf sets have non operational elementals]
- Vector correlation, * , the sum of corresponding products; [formerly "dot product"];
the complex conjugate self-product (a)(a')
- Virtual, the imaginary dimensions of the octonion beyond quaternion; L,I,J,K or I,J,K,L
- Virtual, generally means the venue of 8-complexors
- Generally, the virtual, is the non real portion, including the imaginary
- Specifically, the virtual, is that we've appended to the real and imaginary
- 'Specifically virtual', requires three or more vectors more-complex-than, or non,-quaternion
- (We're converting from "half-life" 1/2-remains to "natural-life" 1/e-remains, as
equals its average for inverse-exponential)
- We do arithmetic-checking-by-9's-and-11's ... There is no
radix-2-arithmetic-checking-by-1's: we check-by-3's (binary-11's)
- We use now-standard-html special symbol-letters, √, ≈, ≤, ≠, ≡, →, ⇒, ⇔,
∂, δ, γ μ, π, Δ, Π, Σ, ∫, ∞, ∀, ∃, ∪, ∩, ⊂,
⊆, ∈, etc.
- (We use should-be-standard-and-or-better-implemented special-symbols, e.g. r˙, r¨)
Computational nomenclature: [under development]
- Units have long been shy of meaning, For example, Torque and Work are both in units of
force×distance but Torque is perpendicular distance and static expressing a cross-product,
while Work is parallel and moving expressing a dot-product... 'perpendicularity' and 'parallelity'
and as well multiplication and division thereof are as necessary as Length and Angle... And for
second example, Radian measure (Metric), is deemed a 'unitless' angle, arc length/radius,
but is in-fact 2πR/circle...
- In some articles, especially the extras, sci-fi screenplays, we use Metric Time, hesit, demur
Cosmic nomenclature:
- Aether, cosmic aether, we discuss as a real (coeternal) infinite-time-integrated
infinite-space-defining infinitely-dense manifestation (tbd) of mathematical complexor
development, not frame-relativistic "measure-space-time"; "open cosmos"
- Atomic power, commonly misnomered, refers to energy stored in electron orbitals
below electrochemical and electroplasma "degenerate electrochemistry" trans-ficial
orbitals, e.g. a H-1s electron boosted 6.3 eV to 2s , where maintained by rf-laser
coupling the groundstate electron-spin potentials, it holds 69K°K till released;
We discuss transition to p-e-p nuclear fusion
- Mass-hole (better-phrase), is a gravitational singularity, mass compressed
beneath its nucleon (and quark) roche-threshold, to wave-entropical radius (tbd);
a "black hole" not necessarily black; We discuss aether-noodle-fragmentation
renormalization
- Nuclear, refers to atomic nuclear; energy, states, structure, bonds, chemistry,
fission, fusion, inner bound electrons, protons, neutrons, deuterons, helons
(alphas), ...; We discuss doubly-charged protons p++
and negatively-charged neutrons n-
- PE state, atomic-electron suborbital proton-electron state, cold-degeneracy to
absolute-cold; an intension of the atomic model
- Relativity, is with-respect-to-the-speed-of-light 'limit', but we also discuss the
correction-and-disproof of commonly mistaken notions, 'equivalence-principle'
- Subatomic, refers to β-exchange between a nucleus and a low-state
or groundstate electron orbital, as in the Ho-Dy-163 co-version experiment;
electrons, protons, neutrons, and related nuclear-size particles, nuclear fragments;
We discuss antihelon stability "sitting" outside the closed 1s-orbital shell;
see also Supranuclear
- Subnuclear, refers to nucleons, energy, interchanges; We discuss aether wavicles,
"neutrino chop"
- Supraneutronium, (ferroneutronium is the most stable),
refers to sub-absolute-zero-cold maximum atomic-density mass, cold-electron-degeneracy, not
neutron star density but stable nuclear tendencies; not-yet-known to occur naturally but expectably
- Supranuclear, refers to electrons "sitting" just outside the nucleus, adsorption
below groundstate without absorption-fusion
- TEMPEST, (military) acronym for various spurious-electronic-signal-emission
suppression technologies, techniques, contractual requirements and standards, for
operation under occasional (thermo)nuclear-detonation duress, developed in the
1950's-70's;
Some common interpretations:
- Thermonuclear Electro-Magnetic-Pulse Exception Suppression Technologies, meaning it
didn't quit under nuclear assault ... cf reinforced concrete radio horns, fluted ferrite
beads (nonsaturating) and spark gaps hung on every electric path, wire, sewer line ...
above and beyond good electrical grounding and shielding techniques every engineer must
use...
- Thermo-Electronic-Magnetic-Pulse Emanation-Suppression Technologies, meaning EMP is
not an electromagnetic radiowave but a ripping-hot electron-cascade avalanche pulse
(zone-ionization) borne in an expanding magnetic field that couples and suppresses
photonic emanation energy-loss,- thus keeping the pulse hot... (and affects chemistry)
- Crypto-TEMPEST, was Transient Electro-Magnetic-Pulse Emission-Suppression Techniques,
"Single-Point-Failure-Safe" electronic-ware design, preventing misdirection of messages
in and after an EMP event not destroying a Crypto device...
- TEMPEST Crypto, we do not discuss here, refers to Crypto [secret] messages during or
pertaining-to nuclear warfare...
- Tuple, (mathematics) terminology: a doublet, a 2-vector, e.g. a complex number; a
single-element consisting of a pair of terms ... Note that we use the term consistently:
N-tuples here are N-pair elements [formerly N-part elements we here call, "N-uples"]
- -Uple, (mathematics) suffix to a [natural whole] number, meaning the part-count
consistency of-or-defining an objectified unit
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